At present, Scheduled Castes (SC) get 15% reservation and Scheduled Tribes (ST) get 7.5% reservation in the country. After the Supreme Court’s decision, state governments will be able to fix a separate quota for the weaker sections of SC and ST within this 22.5% reservation for SC and ST castes.
Suppose in a state SC castes A, B, C and D get reservation. Now the government can fix a quota for C and D castes from this 15% quota. The same will be applicable for 7.5% reservation for ST.
The Supreme Court has allowed the state governments to have quota within quota. However, in its decision, it has also made it clear that the states cannot take decisions based on their own will and political ambitions. If this happens, their decision can be judicially reviewed.
Related news
If a state gives quota within quota to a caste, then it will have to prove that it has been done on the basis of backwardness. It will also be ensured that 100% quota of the total reservation of any SC-ST is not given to any one of its classes.
Political impact of the decision
Indian politics is very much based on caste. From east to west and north to south… castes are the topic of discussion. Right now the discussion on OBC politics has intensified, but after the Supreme Court’s decision, the politics of Dalits and Adivasis is also likely to intensify. It is believed that after this decision, Dalits and Adivasis will no longer remain a single group. Different classes will emerge within it and then a new kind of politics related to it will begin.
Political parties of different states do Dalit and tribal politics. For example, in UP, Mayawati’s BSP does Dalit politics. Samajwadi Party has gained recognition by doing politics of backward classes. In Bihar too, Lalu Yadav-Nitish Kumar’s politics is based on caste politics. The Supreme Court’s decision can bring about big changes in politics here and different political leaderships of different sections of SC-ST can emerge here.
How many Dalits-Adivasis in which state?
– Uttar Pradesh: Dalits in the state are divided into Jatavs and non-Jatavs. Jatavs constitute 12% of the total population and non-Jatavs 10%. Jatavs constitute 56% of the total Dalit population. Apart from Jatavs, the other sub-castes of Dalits include Pasi (16%), Dhobi, Kori and Valmiki (15%) and Gond, Dhanuk and Khatik (about 5%). On the other hand, non-Jatav Dalits have many sub-castes including Valmiki, Khatik, Pasi, Dhobi and Kori.
– Bihar: Caste census was conducted here only last year. According to its data, out of the state’s more than 13 crore population, 27% are backward class, 36% extremely backward class, 19% scheduled caste and 1.68% scheduled tribe. Earlier, upper castes had influence in Bihar’s politics, but then OBC politics started. After the caste census, the politics of the new EBC category i.e. extremely backward class had intensified. But now when there will be talk of quota within quota, the politics of Dalits and tribals can also intensify.
– Maharashtra: There are more than three dozen Dalit castes. Mahar and Matang are prominent among them. People of Mahar caste are more educated and are ahead socially and politically. When Dr. Ambedkar adopted Buddhism in 1956, most of the people of Mahar caste became Buddhists. Matang is the second largest Dalit community after Mahar. Gond and Bhil are the two largest tribal communities. Gonds are predominant in Vidarbha, especially in Gadchiroli and Chandrapur districts, while Bhils are predominant in Nandurbar, Nashik and Dhule districts.
– Rajasthan: There are 59 Dalit castes in the state’s list. The largest community among them is Meghwal, whose majority population is settled in Bikaner, Jaisalmer, Barmer and Jodhpur. Bairwas and Jatavs dominate eastern Rajasthan. Meena is the most influential tribal community and has a significant influence on dozens of assembly seats. On the other hand, Bhils are settled in Banswara and Dungarpur districts.
– Odisha: About 23 percent of the state’s population is tribal and 17 percent is Dalit. There are 62 tribes and 13 other primitive tribes in the state. Khonds are the most numerous, who are settled in Raigarh, Kandhamal, Kalahandi and Koraput in southern Odisha. Santhals are the second largest tribal community, while Gonds are at number three. There are 93 Dalit castes in Odisha. Among them, Pan is the largest community, followed by Dom caste. Dhoba, Ganda, Kandra and Bauri castes also have considerable influence.
– Chhattisgarh: More than 30 percent of the state’s population is tribal. Out of the 43 tribal communities, Gond is the most influential and has a 55% share in the tribal population. They are followed by Kanwar with 11% and Oraon with 10%. There are 44 Dalit castes here, which have a share of about 13 percent in the state’s population. Castes like Bairwa-Raidas have the most influence.
– Madhya Pradesh About 16 percent of the state’s population is Dalit. The largest community among Dalits is the leather worker community. Balai living in the Malwa region is the second largest community. At the same time, the ST population in MP is 21 percent. The largest tribal community is Bhil. Gond is at second place.
, West Bengal: Rajbanshi is the largest Dalit community, whose population is 18 percent. They have influence on 20 seats of the assembly of North Bengal. Matua is the second largest community, which dominates in districts like North and South 24 Parganas, Nadia, Howrah, Cooch Behar, North and South Dinajpur and Malda. The third largest community is Bagdi, who are settled in Bankura and Birbhum.
– Gujarat: 27 castes are Dalits. Among them, Vankar is the most influential, which has a share of about 35-40 percent in the state’s SC population. After Vankar, the second largest community is Rohit, whose share is about 25 to 30 percent. At the same time, the largest community among the tribals is Bhil, whose share in the ST population is about 43 percent. There is a significant population of Bhils in Dang, Panchmahal, Bharuch, Banaskantha and Sabarkantha. Halpati is the second largest community, which is in Surat, Navsari, Bharuch and Valsad.
– Assam: Tribals make up more than 12 percent of the state’s total population. 15 communities in Karbi Anglong and North Cachar Hills district have Scheduled Tribe status. Apart from these, there are 14 more tribes. Bodo is the largest tribal community, which is also the most powerful politically. Karbi is the third largest tribal community.
- MP: Girls’ clothes were removed on the charge of bringing mobile phones in the classroom, angry family members reached the police station
- Government is giving loan up to 10 lakhs for business, apply before 16th August, these documents will be required
- telangana govt school electricity bill, telangana cm revanth reddy, telangana govt school, Telangana government school electricity, Telangana government school free electricity
- ‘Some schools in Jharkhand are having a holiday on Friday’, BJP MP Nishikant Dubey raised the issue in Parliament
- Sagar triple murder case solved, sister-in-law and nieces killed for taunting, brother-in-law turned out to be the murderer
– Uttarakhand: More than 55 percent of the population here are Thakurs and Brahmins. OBCs are 18 percent, while SC-STs have a share of 22 percent. Harijans and Balmikis are the two largest Dalit castes. While, Jaunsari and Tharu are the largest tribal communities in the state.
– Tripura: There are 19 tribes in the state, which is more than 30 percent of the total population of the state. Debbarma is the largest tribal community. The Debbarma community has also ruled Tripura. There are 34 Dalit castes in the state, whose population is 18 percent. Das, Vaidyakar, Shabdakar, Sarkar dominate among the Dalits.
Source (PTI) (NDTV) (HINDUSTANTIMES)